NissirosV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000128

A shallow‐layer model for heavy gas dispersion from natural sources: Application and hazard assessment at Caldara di Manziana, Italy

Identifieur interne : 000128 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000127; suivant : 000129

A shallow‐layer model for heavy gas dispersion from natural sources: Application and hazard assessment at Caldara di Manziana, Italy

Auteurs : A. Costa [Italie] ; G. Chiodini [Italie] ; D. Granieri [Italie] ; A. Folch [Italie] ; R. K. S. Hankin [Royaume-Uni] ; S. Caliro [Italie] ; R. Avino [Italie] ; C. Cardellini [Italie]

Source :

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems [ 1525-2027 ] ; 2008-03.

RBID : ISTEX:AE54545333D875C67C58FA0D956FF79A74CA4555

Descripteurs français

Wicri :
- topic : Conditions atmosphériques, Géochimie, Géophysique, Simulation.

English descriptors

Abstract

Several nonvolcanic sources in central Italy emit a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2). Under stable atmospheric conditions and/or in the presence of topographic depressions, the concentration of CO2, which has a molecular mass greater than that of air, can reach high values that are lethal to humans or animals. Several episodes of this phenomenon were recorded in central Italy and elsewhere. In order to validate a model for the dispersion of a heavy gas and to assess the consequent hazard, we applied and tested the code TWODEE‐2, an improved version of the established TWODEE model, which is based on a shallow‐layer approach that uses depth‐averaged variables to describe the flow behavior of dense gas over complex topography. We present results for a vented CO2 release at Caldara di Manziana in central Italy. We find that the model gives reliable results when the input quantity can be properly defined. Moreover, we show that the model can be a useful tool for gas hazard assessment by evaluating where and when lethal concentrations for humans and animals are reached.

Url:

https://api.istex.fr/document/AE54545333D875C67C58FA0D956FF79A74CA4555/fulltext/pdf

DOI: 10.1029/2007GC001762

Affiliations:

Italie, Royaume-Uni

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Le document en format XML

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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Atmospheric conditions</term>
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<term>Continuous releases</term>
<term>Costa</term>
<term>Crater</term>
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<term>Dispersion model</term>
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<term>Forest canopy</term>
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<term>High order scheme</term>
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<term>Instantaneous releases</term>
<term>Istituto nazionale</term>
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<term>Rogie</term>
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<term>Shallow layer simulation</term>
<term>Simulation</term>
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<term>Temporal evolution</term>
<term>Terrain elevation</term>
<term>Time evolution</term>
<term>Time span</term>
<term>Transport model</term>
<term>Vadose zone</term>
<term>Volcanic unrest</term>
<term>Volcanol</term>
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<term>White dots</term>
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<term>Wind direction</term>
<term>Wind speed</term>
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<term>Britter</term>
<term>Caldara</term>
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<term>Calm ambient</term>
<term>Carbon balance</term>
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<term>Chiodini</term>
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<term>Computational</term>
<term>Computational domain</term>
<term>Computational geophysics</term>
<term>Computational model</term>
<term>Concentration maps</term>
<term>Continuous releases</term>
<term>Costa</term>
<term>Crater</term>
<term>Crater floor</term>
<term>Dangerous conditions</term>
<term>Degassing</term>
<term>Different time slices</term>
<term>Diffuse emission</term>
<term>Dioxide</term>
<term>Dispersion</term>
<term>Dispersion figure</term>
<term>Dispersion model</term>
<term>Earth degassing</term>
<term>February</term>
<term>Flow behavior</term>
<term>Flow rates</term>
<term>Flux measurements</term>
<term>Folch</term>
<term>Forest canopy</term>
<term>Fossa crater</term>
<term>Friction velocity</term>
<term>Frondini</term>
<term>Further details</term>
<term>Geochemistry</term>
<term>Geochemistry geophysics geosystems</term>
<term>Geophys</term>
<term>Geophysics</term>
<term>Geosystems</term>
<term>Granieri</term>
<term>Hankin</term>
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<term>Health hazard</term>
<term>High order scheme</term>
<term>Horseshoe lake</term>
<term>Input data</term>
<term>Instantaneous releases</term>
<term>Istituto nazionale</term>
<term>Lake nyos</term>
<term>Layer model</term>
<term>Major hazard risk assessment</term>
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<term>Meteorological</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">Several nonvolcanic sources in central Italy emit a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2). Under stable atmospheric conditions and/or in the presence of topographic depressions, the concentration of CO2, which has a molecular mass greater than that of air, can reach high values that are lethal to humans or animals. Several episodes of this phenomenon were recorded in central Italy and elsewhere. In order to validate a model for the dispersion of a heavy gas and to assess the consequent hazard, we applied and tested the code TWODEE‐2, an improved version of the established TWODEE model, which is based on a shallow‐layer approach that uses depth‐averaged variables to describe the flow behavior of dense gas over complex topography. We present results for a vented CO2 release at Caldara di Manziana in central Italy. We find that the model gives reliable results when the input quantity can be properly defined. Moreover, we show that the model can be a useful tool for gas hazard assessment by evaluating where and when lethal concentrations for humans and animals are reached.</div>
</front>
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A shallow‐layer model for heavy gas dispersion from natural sources: Application and hazard assessment at Caldara di Manziana, Italy

A shallow‐layer model for heavy gas dispersion from natural sources: Application and hazard assessment at Caldara di Manziana, Italy

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri